How is the menstrual cycle calculated?

Although menstruation is a natural part of every woman's life, it is not a topic that you would discuss with anyone while waiting. Vaginal bleeding in a healthy woman recurs every month and lasts from puberty to menopause. Every month, a process takes place in a woman's body in which the lining of the uterus thickens so that the egg can nestle in these places. If successful fertilization does not take place, the old layer of the endometrium peels off and its exit from the female body occurs.

The menstrual cycle will become regular only within a few years, until then its regularity fluctuates. In puberty, menstruation can have varying intensity and irregularity, the cycle gradually stabilizes. However, it will not exceed the limit of 21 to 40 days. Menstruation in a healthy woman lasts 2 to 7 days and repeats between the 21st and 40th day. The menstrual cycle has several phases: physiological menstrual phase, follicular, ovulatory and luteal phase. In the menstrual phase, the dead endometrium is removed from the uterine cavity, leaving the body together with blood secretions. After the end of menstrual bleeding, the process of development and thickening of the uterine lining begins. The follicular stage lasts approximately 6 days and is characterized by the gradual maturation of follicles (5-7) in the ovary. One of the follicles becomes dominant and the rest are absorbed. In the ovulation stage, the egg is released and moves through the fallopian tube. If it is fertilized, it attaches itself to the lining of the uterus, if not, it dies. Luteal stage, lasts 10 to 16 days, ends either with menstruation or pregnancy.

Some women have a regular cycle and can determine the exact day and time when their period will arrive, some can predict the arrival of menses only within a few days.

The last day before the start of bleeding is referred to as the "zero phase". During it, the lining of the uterus is prepared for separation and expulsion from the body, thus creating space for a new lining of the uterus and possible nesting of the egg. In ordinary life, the first day of the cycle is considered the first day of bleeding. Menstruation lasts 2 to 7 days. This is followed by regeneration, the dynamic or follicular phase, which lasts about 6 days. After it, approximately in the middle of the cycle, comes the ovulation phase lasting 1-2 days. The last is the luteal/luteinization phase, which usually lasts no longer than 16 days and during which there is a decrease in the level of estrogen and an increase in the level of progesterone.

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