What does episiotomy look like?

A perineal incision is a cut of the connecting tissue between the vagina and the anus. An episiotomy (incision of the perineum) ensures the expansion of the vaginal opening. It is not a routine procedure and is performed only as a last resort. The incision itself serves precisely to protect the barrier between the anus and the back wall of the vagina, so that the barrier does not spontaneously rupture, which can cause more serious complications. Rupture of the perineum can have different stages, while in the most serious cases damage to the rectal sphincters can occur, which leads to the spontaneous leakage of stool, gases and pelvic floor organs.

Cutting the perineum is about a 2-4 cm cut into the tissue between the anus and the posterior vaginal entrance. This step usually occurs only in the last phase of childbirth, when the woman is pushing and this area is exposed to high pressure. An incision creates an even cut, while a spontaneous rupture can lead to a rupture of the dam and an irregular wound. After childbirth, the cut perineum is immediately sutured. Cutting the dam is only justified if it concerns the protection of the health of the mother and the child. If the passage through the birth canal is complicated and the pressure is exerted on the child too intensively, it is correct to proceed with such an intervention.

An indication that such an operation will need to be performed can also be premature birth, if it is a fetus with a large head circumference or is born breech, or if the mother cannot push in a controlled manner. To strengthen the pelvic floor, expectant mothers are recommended to perform Kegel exercises or practice prenatal massage of the perineum.

In most cases, the healing of the incision after childbirth proceeds very well, thanks to simpler wound care. However, special attention must be paid to hygiene during episiotomy healing, as the wound is located in intimate parts. It is also necessary to limit possible sexual intercourse, which can be painful or complicate healing. It also depends on how long the dam incision heals.

Many moms clearly agree that the incision of the perineum is a better option than spontaneous rupture of the perineum, the wound of which is more difficult and time-consuming to sew after childbirth. Also, the healing process after a dam incision is more complicated. They state that with a complicated process, this is the best option for mother and child, so that the birth takes place as quickly as possible. In most cases, doctors proceeded to cut the perineum in acute cases - some mothers reported that their child was suffocating in the birth canal or the fetus was too large and the mothers could not push it out. Women also have positive experiences with healing. It mostly involves suturing the wound with a maximum of 2 to 3 stitches.

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